1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193 | ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt
mount: unknown filesystem type 'crypto_LUKS'
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sdb5 ubuntu_root
Enter passphrase for /dev/sdb5:
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ mount /dev/mapper/ubuntu_root /mnt
mount: only root can do that
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo su
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# mount /dev/mapper/ubuntu_root /mnt
mount: unknown filesystem type 'LVM2_member'
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# mount
/cow on / type overlayfs (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nodev,noexec,nosuid)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,nodev,noexec,nosuid)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755)
/dev/sr0 on /cdrom type iso9660 (ro,noatime)
/dev/loop0 on /rofs type squashfs (ro,noatime)
none on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (rw,uid=0,gid=0,mode=0755,size=1024)
none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw)
tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,nodev,noexec,nosuid,size=5242880)
none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
none on /run/user type tmpfs (rw,nodev,noexec,nosuid,size=104857600,mode=0755)
none on /sys/fs/pstore type pstore (rw)
systemd on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd type cgroup (rw,nosuid,noexec,nodev,none,name=systemd)
gvfsd-fuse on /run/user/999/gvfs type fuse.gvfsd-fuse (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=ubuntu)
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# mount
/cow on / type overlayfs (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nodev,noexec,nosuid)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,nodev,noexec,nosuid)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755)
/dev/sr0 on /cdrom type iso9660 (ro,noatime)
/dev/loop0 on /rofs type squashfs (ro,noatime)
none on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (rw,uid=0,gid=0,mode=0755,size=1024)
none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw)
tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,nodev,noexec,nosuid,size=5242880)
none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
none on /run/user type tmpfs (rw,nodev,noexec,nosuid,size=104857600,mode=0755)
none on /sys/fs/pstore type pstore (rw)
systemd on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd type cgroup (rw,nosuid,noexec,nodev,none,name=systemd)
gvfsd-fuse on /run/user/999/gvfs type fuse.gvfsd-fuse (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=ubuntu)
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root on /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d type ext4 (rw,nodev,nosuid,uhelper=udisks2)
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# cd /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d; mount /dev/sdb1 boot
root@ubuntu:/media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d# mount
/cow on / type overlayfs (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nodev,noexec,nosuid)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,nodev,noexec,nosuid)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755)
/dev/sr0 on /cdrom type iso9660 (ro,noatime)
/dev/loop0 on /rofs type squashfs (ro,noatime)
none on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (rw,uid=0,gid=0,mode=0755,size=1024)
none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw)
tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,nodev,noexec,nosuid,size=5242880)
none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
none on /run/user type tmpfs (rw,nodev,noexec,nosuid,size=104857600,mode=0755)
none on /sys/fs/pstore type pstore (rw)
systemd on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd type cgroup (rw,nosuid,noexec,nodev,none,name=systemd)
gvfsd-fuse on /run/user/999/gvfs type fuse.gvfsd-fuse (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=ubuntu)
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root on /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d type ext4 (rw,nodev,nosuid,uhelper=udisks2)
/dev/sdb1 on /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d/boot type ext2 (rw)
root@ubuntu:/media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d# sudo mount /dev/sdb1 boot
mount: /dev/sdb1 is already mounted or /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d/boot busy
/dev/sdb1 is already mounted on /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d/boot
root@ubuntu:/media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d# sudo mount --bind /dev /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d/dev
root@ubuntu:/media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0aroot@ubuntu:/media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d# sudo mount --bind /proc /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d/proc
root@ubuntu:/media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d# sudo mount --bind /sys /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d/sys
root@ubuntu:/media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d# /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d: sudo chroot /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d/
bash: /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d:: No such file or directory
root@ubuntu:/media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d# apt-get install linux-image-generic
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
linux-generic linux-headers-3.16.0-31
linux-headers-3.16.0-31-generic
linux-headers-generic
linux-image-3.16.0-31-generic
linux-image-extra-3.16.0-31-generic
linux-signed-generic
linux-signed-image-3.16.0-31-generic
linux-signed-image-generic
Suggested packages:
fdutils linux-doc-3.16.0 linux-source-3.16.0
linux-tools
The following NEW packages will be installed:
linux-headers-3.16.0-31
linux-headers-3.16.0-31-generic
linux-image-3.16.0-31-generic
linux-image-extra-3.16.0-31-generic
linux-signed-image-3.16.0-31-generic
The following packages will be upgraded:
linux-generic linux-headers-generic
linux-image-generic linux-signed-generic
linux-signed-image-generic
5 upgraded, 5 newly installed, 0 to remove and 207 not upgraded.
Need to get 64.1 MB of archives.
After this operation, 281 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ utopic-security/main linux-image-3.16.0-31-generic amd64 3.16.0-31.41 [16.2 MB]
Get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ utopic-security/main linux-image-extra-3.16.0-31-generic amd64 3.16.0-31.41 [38.0 MB]
Get:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ utopic-security/main linux-generic amd64 3.16.0.31.32 [1,854 B]
Get:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ utopic-security/main linux-image-generic amd64 3.16.0.31.32 [2,572 B]
Get:5 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ utopic-security/main linux-signed-image-3.16.0-31-generic amd64 3.16.0-31.41 [4,070 B]
Get:6 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ utopic-security/main linux-signed-generic amd64 3.16.0.31.32 [1,884 B]
Get:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ utopic-security/main linux-signed-image-generic amd64 3.16.0.31.32 [2,600 B]
Get:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ utopic-security/main linux-headers-3.16.0-31 all 3.16.0-31.41 [9,120 kB]
Get:9 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ utopic-security/main linux-headers-3.16.0-31-generic amd64 3.16.0-31.41 [738 kB]
Get:10 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ utopic-security/main linux-headers-generic amd64 3.16.0.31.32 [2,548 B]
Fetched 64.1 MB in 1min 1s (1,035 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-3.16.0-31-generic.
(Reading database ... 179883 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-3.16.0-31-generic_3.16.0-31.41_amd64.deb ...
Done.
Unpacking linux-image-3.16.0-31-generic (3.16.0-31.41) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-extra-3.16.0-31-generic.
Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-extra-3.16.0-31-generic_3.16.0-31.41_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-image-extra-3.16.0-31-generic (3.16.0-31.41) ...
Preparing to unpack .../linux-generic_3.16.0.31.32_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-generic (3.16.0.31.32) over (3.16.0.23.24) ...
Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-generic_3.16.0.31.32_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-image-generic (3.16.0.31.32) over (3.16.0.23.24) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-signed-image-3.16.0-31-generic.
Preparing to unpack .../linux-signed-image-3.16.0-31-generic_3.16.0-31.41_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-signed-image-3.16.0-31-generic (3.16.0-31.41) ...
Preparing to unpack .../linux-signed-generic_3.16.0.31.32_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-signed-generic (3.16.0.31.32) over (3.16.0.23.24) ...
Preparing to unpack .../linux-signed-image-generic_3.16.0.31.32_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-signed-image-generic (3.16.0.31.32) over (3.16.0.23.24) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-3.16.0-31.
Preparing to unpack .../linux-headers-3.16.0-31_3.16.0-31.41_all.deb ...
Unpacking linux-headers-3.16.0-31 (3.16.0-31.41) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-3.16.0-31-generic.
Preparing to unpack .../linux-headers-3.16.0-31-generic_3.16.0-31.41_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-headers-3.16.0-31-generic (3.16.0-31.41) ...
Preparing to unpack .../linux-headers-generic_3.16.0.31.32_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-headers-generic (3.16.0.31.32) over (3.16.0.23.24) ...
Setting up linux-image-3.16.0-31-generic (3.16.0-31.41) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs is disabled since running on read-only media
The link /initrd.img is a dangling linkto /boot/initrd.img-3.16.0-23-generic
The link /vmlinuz is a dangling linkto /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-23-generic
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.16.0-31-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-31-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.16.0-31-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-31-generic
update-initramfs is disabled since running on read-only media
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 3.16.0-31-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-31-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 3.16.0-31-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-31-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 3.16.0-31-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-31-generic
Setting up linux-image-extra-3.16.0-31-generic (3.16.0-31.41) ...
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.16.0-31-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-31-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.16.0-31-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-31-generic
update-initramfs is disabled since running on read-only media
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 3.16.0-31-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-31-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 3.16.0-31-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-31-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 3.16.0-31-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-31-generic
Setting up linux-image-generic (3.16.0.31.32) ...
Setting up linux-headers-3.16.0-31 (3.16.0-31.41) ...
Setting up linux-headers-3.16.0-31-generic (3.16.0-31.41) ...
Setting up linux-headers-generic (3.16.0.31.32) ...
Setting up linux-generic (3.16.0.31.32) ...
Setting up linux-signed-image-3.16.0-31-generic (3.16.0-31.41) ...
/usr/sbin/grub-probe: error: failed to get canonical path of `/cow'.
Setting up linux-signed-image-generic (3.16.0.31.32) ...
Setting up linux-signed-generic (3.16.0.31.32) ...
root@ubuntu:/media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d# exit
exit
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo unmount /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d/sys
sudo: unmount: command not found
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo umount /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d/sys
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo umount /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d/proc
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo umount /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d/dev
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo umount /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d/
umount: /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d: target is busy
(In some cases useful info about processes that
use the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1).)
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo umount /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d/
umount: /media/ubuntu/e1784e0c-eacf-49ed-8873-c0ae2f1a638d: target is busy
(In some cases useful info about processes that
use the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1).)
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$
|